Mongolia’s state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have long been a drag on its economy. Decades of mismanagement, political interference, and failed reforms have left the sector bloated and dysfunctional. Now, Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene is pushing a new “Law on Improving SOE Productivity, Transparency, and Governance.”
Three urgent realities demand swift action:
1. Mongolia risks missing the global critical minerals boom. The world’s appetite for copper and rare earths is soaring, but Mongolia’s opaque SOEs are ill-equipped to capitalize on this opportunity.